Crypto Terms:
Letter S
What is Shard?
Meaning:
Shard -
a part of a blockchain network with its own data that appeared when a chain was split using the sharding technique.
Let's find out Shard meaning, definition in crypto, what is Shard, and all other detailed facts.
Essentially, a shard is a chunk of a blockchain network that appeared after a chain was split during the process of sharding. Shards can be defined in two ways – by the digital asset they contain and by their properties. Each shard can share its data with other shards, preserving a core feature of blockchain technology – the existence of a distributed ledger.
When a huge flow of users enters the blockchain network, it results in latency. Sharding is a great method for reducing latency by breaking a blockchain network into independent shards, each of which has its own data and is isolated from the others.
Besides, it’s really difficult for an attacker to predict which shards would be suitable to infect with their malicious nodes. This is the case because nodes of certain blockchains are constantly reassigned to different shards at random times.
Sharding makes hosting full nodes a lot more convenient. When sharding is properly handled in a blockchain, each user can store just a portion of the database's history of changes, rather than the full history, as is the case by default.
Ethereum network as an example. By splitting it into shards, Ethereum hopes to combat the <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-scaling-problem/">scaling problem<\/strong><\/a>. This way each shard will have a set of accounts balances and <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-smart-contract/">smart contracts<\/strong><\/a> because each shard contains many of its own independent states.<\/p>\n<p>In Ethereum’s case, the implementation of shard chains is the most complex solution the company has taken to scale the network. <\/p>\n<p>As mentioned above, when it comes to cryptocurrencies, <strong>sharding is a possible solution to the scalability problem since this process has the capability to amplify the number of transactions per second<\/strong>. Additionally, it can fix certain network congestion issues. <\/p>\n<p>It’s important to note that the shards don’t contain all of the data. This information can still be shared between various nodes and all entries on the public ledger are visible thus keeping the blockchain secure and decentralized.<\/p>\n<p>The scalability problem can be countered by either increasing the database in size or by sharding. Unlike the former, <strong>validators within shard chains don’t require powerful and high-priced computers<\/strong>. The main advantage of choosing the sharding solution is that the network will remain easily accessible and decentralized which is the selling point of any blockchain. <\/p>","definition":"Shard Chain, or sharding, defines the process of taking a database within a network and splitting it horizontally into shards.","status":"published","meta_title":"What is Shard Chain? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Shard Chain meaning: Shard Chain - Shard Chain, or sharding, defines the process of taking a database within a network and splitting it horizontally into shards.","meta_keywords":null}"
:prev-section="{"id":699,"wikipedia_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SHA-256","level":"easy","author_id":1,"created_at":"2023-06-19T06:59:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2023-11-26T15:07:35.000000Z","slug":"what-is-sha-256","title":"What is SHA-256?","section":"S","keyword":"SHA-256","content":"<p><strong>The Secure Hashing Algorithm (SHA-256) is the Bitcoin protocol's <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-hash/">hash function<\/a> and <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-mining/">mining algorithm<\/strong>, which refers to the cryptographic algorithm that generates a 256-bit long result. It was designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001.<\/p>\n<p>It regulates address generation and administration and it is also used for transaction verification. <strong>Bitcoin employs<\/strong> <strong>double SHA-256<\/strong>, which means that functions are applied twice.<\/p>\n<p>One thing that the hash algorithm is known for is its superior security and the fact that its operations are not seen in the public domain. The main use of this algorithm is to safeguard vulnerable data. Because of the use of <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-digital-signature/">digital signatures<\/strong><\/strong><\/a>, it is possible to validate the content of information without disclosing it.<\/p>\n<p>It is really hard or almost impossible to deduce the original data from a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-hash/">hash value<\/strong><\/strong><\/a>. Besides, it is extensively used for password verification since it does not require storing specific passwords. This is the case because hash values can be maintained and compared to the user entry to determine whether it is valid or not.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, due to the vast number of potential configurations, a malicious act known as a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-brute-force-attack-bfa/">brute force attack<\/strong><\/strong><\/a> is extremely difficult to succeed in when there is an SHA-256 function used.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SHA-2 differs significantly from its predecessor, SHA-1<\/strong>. SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, SHA-512\/224, and SHA-512\/256 are all new hash algorithms that use eight 32-bit and 64-bit words.<\/p>","definition":"a cryptographic hash function that generates a 256-bit signature for a text.","status":"published","meta_title":"What is SHA-256? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"SHA-256 meaning: SHA-256 - In Bitcoin's Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism, SHA-256 is a cryptographic hash function that generates a 256-bit signature for a text.","meta_keywords":null}"
:model="{"id":687,"wikipedia_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shard_(database_architecture)","level":"easy","author_id":1,"created_at":"2023-06-19T06:59:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2023-11-10T18:46:55.000000Z","slug":"what-is-shard","title":"What is Shard?","section":"S","keyword":"Shard","content":"<p>Essentially, a <strong>shard<\/strong> is a chunk of a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-blockchain/">blockchain network<\/strong><\/a> that appeared after a chain was split during the process of <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-sharding/">sharding. Shards can be defined in two ways – by the <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-digital-asset/">digital asset<\/strong><\/a> they contain and <strong>by their properties<\/strong>. Each shard can share its data with other shards, preserving a core feature of blockchain technology – the existence of a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-distributed-ledger/">distributed ledger<\/strong><\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>When a huge flow of users enters the blockchain network, it results in <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-network-latency/">latency. <strong>Sharding<\/strong> is a great method for reducing latency by breaking a blockchain network into independent shards, each of which has its own data and is isolated from the others.<\/p>\n<p>Besides, it’s <strong>really difficult <\/strong>for an attacker to predict which shards would be suitable to infect with their malicious nodes. This is the case because <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-node/">nodes of certain blockchains are constantly reassigned to different shards at random times.<\/p>\n<p>Sharding makes hosting <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-full-node/">full nodes<\/strong><\/a> a lot more convenient. When sharding is properly handled in a blockchain, each user can store just a portion of the database's history of changes, rather than the full history, as is the case by default.<\/p>","definition":"a part of a blockchain network with its own data that appeared when a chain was split using the sharding technique.","status":"published","meta_title":"What is Shard? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Shard meaning: Shard - a part of a blockchain network with its own data that appeared when a chain was split using the sharding technique.","meta_keywords":null,"author":{"id":1,"user_id":1,"created_at":"2023-05-03T14:30:55.000000Z","updated_at":"2023-05-11T07:18:20.000000Z","title":"Editor-In-Chief","slug":"aaron-s-editor-in-chief","description":"<p>Having completed a Master’s degree on Economics, Politics & Culture for the East Asia region, Aaron has written scientific papers with a comparative analysis of the differences between US’ Western and Japan’s Collective forms of capitalism, 1945-2020.<\/p>\n<p>With close to a decade of experience in the FinTech industry, Aaron understands all of the biggest issues and struggles that crypto enthusiasts face. He’s a passionate analyst who is concerned with data-driven and fact-based content, as well as that which speaks to both Web3 natives and industry newcomers.<\/p>\n<p>Aaron is the go-to person for everything and anything related to digital currencies. With a huge passion for blockchain & Web3 education, Aaron strives to transform the space as we know it, and make it more approachable to complete beginners.<\/p>\n<p>Aaron has been quoted by multiple established outlets, and is a published author himself. Even during his free time, he enjoys researching the market trends, and looking for the next supernova.<\/p>","user":{"id":1,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"S.","email":"aaron@bitdegree.org","email_sanitized":"aaron@bitdegree.org","email_verified_at":"2023-12-01T09:40:20.000000Z","must_verify_email":false,"is_registered_with_wallet":false,"status":"active","country":"LT","last_connected_ip":"88.119.132.125","image_id":2641,"referral_token":"05TMu2NysXOCn525","referred_by":null,"created_at":"2023-05-03T14:30:55.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-01-09T15:22:21.000000Z","full_name":"Aaron S."}}}"
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Wallet?","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":4,"order":2,"slug":"hot-wallet-vs-cold-wallet","title":"Hot Wallet VS Cold Wallet: Which One to Pick?","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":4,"order":3,"slug":"non-custodial-wallet","title":"What are Non-Custodial Crypto Wallets?","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":4,"order":4,"slug":"what-is-metamask","title":"Metamask: The Leading Non-Custodial Wallet","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":4,"order":37,"slug":"how-safe-is-cryptocurrency","title":"The Key Crypto Wallet Safety Practices: How Safe Can Crypto Be?","status":"published","modified_content":null}]},{"id":5,"title":"NFTs","slug":"nfts","updated":null,"chapter":"crypto\/assets\/crypto-book\/chapters\/learn-nfts.jpg","chapter_simple":"crypto\/assets\/crypto-book\/chapters-simple\/nfts-101.jpg","rating":100,"sections":[{"chapter_id":5,"order":2,"slug":"how-to-trade-nfts","title":"NFT Trading: 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current-chapter="S"
current-section="what-is-shard">
