Crypto Terms:
Letter B
What is Blake-256?
Meaning:
Blake-256 -
a hash algorithm used in Decred.
Let's find out Blake-256 meaning, definition in crypto, what is Blake-256, and all other detailed facts.
Blake-256 is a hash algorithm that was created by Jean-Philippe Aumasson, Luca Henzen, Willi Meier, and Raphael C.-W. Phan and is used in Decred. The Blake-256 algorithm was designed to run as fast as SHA-1 on 64-bit processors and MD5 on 32-bit processors. Blake is based on a variant of the Salsa20 stream cipher called ChaCha. However, Blake’s internal state (1600 bits) is larger than Salsa20’s (256 bits).
The way that Blake works can be described in steps:
- The message is initially divided into blocks, each of which is hashed separately (the last block is padded to a full block length).
- Each block is passed through a 512-bit internal state that is operated by an internal compression function (32 rows and 16 columns).
- XOR is used to combine the output of the compression function with the starting state, and then a linear transformation is used to permute it.
- After that, the final state is split into two 512-bit halves and XORed together to create the final version.
A great technique of decreasing a hash value is to XOR it with a constant value, which on some architectures can result in more efficient computing. This notion is heavily used in the Blake-256 hashing method. Besides, this does not result in a major decrease in security, and it does speed up the algorithm's processing time.
The Blake hashing algorithm creates two distinct hash functions that are combined to create a 512-bit hash value (64 bytes).
Blake is an iterative hash function that increases security against collisions and preimage attacks by using randomization. Though it uses the same amount of resources as SHA-2 (but a smaller amount than MD5) to do that.
The main features of Blake include:
- Fast Hashing. Blake is definitely one of the fastest cryptographic hash functions there is. In terms of speed, it even surpasses Whirlpool, which is the most widely used cryptographic hash function in the industry.
- Stream Cipher. This feature enables a program to hash any quantity of data without having to wait for all of it to be read. Besides, it enables the usage of such applications as file hashing utilities.
- Security. Since it has a larger internal state (1024 bits) it is definitely more secure than SHA-2, which has a half smaller internal state (512 bits).
hashes that act as references to the previous block in the chain. The first block in a blockchain is called the <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-genesis-block/">genesis block<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Hashes act as a blockchain security feature. It is practically impossible to falsify the data recorded on the blockchain because it cannot be altered. Since <strong>each block holds a reference to the previous block<\/strong>, every single block would have to be altered to successfully falsify information.<\/p>\n<p>Any attempts to alter the information contained in a block are further complicated because blockchains are decentralized by design. This means that the <strong>blocks are not stored in a single location<\/strong>. Instead, the computer of each blockchain user acts as an individual <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-node/">node of the overall network.<\/p>\n<p>The core information stored in a block is the transaction record, a timestamp, the hash, and an answer to a cryptographic puzzle. In order to add a new block to the chain, the puzzle must be solved first.<\/p>\n<p>The process of solving the block puzzle is referred to as <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-mining/">mining. <strong>Mining a block typically grants the solver a reward<\/strong>. A typical example of a reward is miners receiving <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https:////www.bitdegree.org//crypto//buy-bitcoin-btc/">Bitcoin (BTC)<\/strong><\/strong><\/a> for solving a block on the Bitcoin blockchain. The transaction information and the addresses that claim the reward are the first data recorded in a new block.<\/p>\n<p>On the Bitcoin blockchain, the difficulty of solving each block puzzle is not even across the board. Every 2016 blocks, the network consensus adjusts the difficulty. It changes on a sliding scale, becoming either more or less complicated, to keep the mining system fair.<\/p>\n<p> <\/p>","definition":"a structural unit of a blockchain that contains information about a transaction.","status":"published","meta_title":"What is Block? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Block meaning: Block - the structural unit of a blockchain. A file that contains information about a transaction.","meta_keywords":null}"
:prev-section="{"id":100,"wikipedia_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_swan_theory","level":"medium","author_id":1,"created_at":"2023-06-19T06:58:59.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-01-01T08:23:29.000000Z","slug":"what-is-black-swan-event","title":"What is Black Swan Event?","section":"B","keyword":"Black Swan Event","content":"<p><strong>A black swan is often defined as an unexpected occurrence that has a significant influence on a previously predicted event.<\/strong> It rarely happens, nevertheless, it has consequences.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, it’s impossible to predict a black swan event beforehand, even though it can cause enormous damage to the economy. That’s because it has a negative impact on investments and the market in general.<\/p>\n<p>The phrase Black Swan Event could have come from a Latin phrase said by Juvenal, the Roman poet, in the 2nd century. The Latin phrase he said means “an unusual bird in the lands that looks a lot like a black swan”. For a long time, it was thought that black swans do not exist. Later on, the name of these birds was used when talking about something that comes as a surprise.<\/p>\n<p>The term was first used by a writer and finance professor, as well as the former Wall Street trader, Nassim Nicholas Taleb. To be precise, the writer talked about the term in his book. The book was written in 2007. He emphasized the importance of preparing for anything unpredictable to happen and planning ahead.<\/p>\n<p>The probability of its occurrence is unknown. However, when it happens it has a big negative impact. Those who observe the event and the aftermath, are known to be speculating as to what could have prevented it and how it could have been predicted. Moreover, the event can be explained only in retrospect.<\/p>\n<p><em>When a black swan event happens in the field of finances and cryptocurrency it results in huge misery and destruction.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>As an example, consider <strong>the 2001 dotcom bubble<\/strong>. This occurred during a period of rapid economic expansion in the United States, as well as a surge in private wealth before everything spectacularly crashed. At the time, investment funds were pouring money into technology firms with exorbitant valuations and no market traction.<\/p>\n<p>Then these firms went bankrupt, and the negative risk was transferred to the investors.<\/p>\n<p>A similar situation happened in 2008, amid a financial crisis when the housing market in the United States collapsed. The repercussions were massive and far-reaching. People with poor or no credit were approved for mortgages on homes that were much beyond their financial limits.<\/p>\n<p>At the same time as payment deadlines passed and mortgages began to default in droves, the lending powerhouses began to fail.<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. government then approved the TARP (Troubled Asset Relief Program). To be more specific, approximately <strong>$1 trillion<\/strong> was invested to assist large banks and reestablish liquidity in the economy. Furthermore, the regulations were modified in the hopes that this black swan incident would not occur again.<\/p>\n<p>The most recent example is the COVID-19, which hit the world without warning. There was no one prepared or equipped to deal with the epidemic. Therefore, it had a significant influence on stock market crashes, unemployment rates, business failures, and so on.<\/p>\n<p>To be fair, COVID-19 fulfilles all of the criteria for a black swan occurrence.<\/p>","definition":"is commonly characterized as an unanticipated incident that has a major impact on a previously, as thought, foreseen event.","status":"published","meta_title":"What is Black Swan Event? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Black Swan Event meaning: Black Swan Event - is commonly characterized as an unanticipated incident that has a major impact on a previously, as thought, foreseen event.","meta_keywords":null}"
:model="{"id":842,"wikipedia_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BLAKE_(hash_function)","level":"medium","author_id":1,"created_at":"2023-06-19T06:59:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-01-01T08:23:40.000000Z","slug":"what-is-blake-256","title":"What is Blake-256?","section":"B","keyword":"Blake-256","content":"<p><strong>Blake-256<\/strong> is a <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-hash-function/">hash algorithm<\/strong><\/a> that was created by Jean-Philippe Aumasson, Luca Henzen, Willi Meier, and <strong>Raphael C.-W. Phan<\/strong> and is used in Decred. The Blake-256 algorithm was designed to run as fast as <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https:////en.wikipedia.org//wiki//SHA-1/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>SHA-1<\/strong><\/a> on 64-bit processors and <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https:////en.wikipedia.org//wiki//MD5/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>MD5<\/strong><\/a> on 32-bit processors. Blake is based on a variant of the <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https:////en.wikipedia.org//wiki//Salsa20/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>Salsa20 stream cipher<\/strong><\/a> called <strong>ChaCha<\/strong>. However, Blake’s internal state (1600 bits) is larger than Salsa20’s (256 bits).<\/p>\n<p>The way that Blake works can be described in steps:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>message<\/strong> is initially divided into <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"//crypto//learn//crypto-terms//what-is-block/">blocks, each of which is hashed separately (the last block is padded to a full block length).<\/li>\n<li>Each block is passed through a 512-bit internal state that is operated by an internal compression function (32 rows and 16 columns).<\/li>\n<li><a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https:////en.wikipedia.org//wiki//XOR_gate/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>XOR<\/strong><\/a> is used to combine the output of the compression function with the starting state, and then a linear transformation is used to permute it.<\/li>\n<li>After that, the final state is split into two 512-bit halves and <strong>XORed together to create the final version<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A great technique of decreasing a hash value is to XOR it with a constant value, which on some architectures can result in <strong>more efficient computing<\/strong>. This notion is heavily used in the Blake-256 hashing method. Besides, this does not result in a major decrease in security, and it does speed up the algorithm's processing time.<\/p>\n<p>The Blake hashing algorithm creates two distinct hash functions that are combined to create a 512-bit hash value (64 bytes).<\/p>\n<p>Blake is an <strong>iterative hash function<\/strong> that increases security against collisions and preimage attacks by using randomization. Though it uses the same amount of resources as <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https:////en.wikipedia.org//wiki//SHA-2/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>SHA-2 <\/strong><\/a>(but a smaller amount than MD5) to do that.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>main features of Blake<\/strong> include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fast Hashing. Blake is definitely one of the fastest cryptographic hash functions there is. In terms of speed, it even surpasses <a href=https://www.bitdegree.org/"https:////en.wikipedia.org//wiki//Whirlpool_Corporation/" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noindex noopener\"><strong>Whirlpool<\/strong><\/a>, which is the most widely used cryptographic hash function in the industry.<\/li>\n<li>Stream Cipher. This feature enables a program to <strong>hash any quantity of data without having to wait for all of it to be read<\/strong>. Besides, it enables the usage of such applications as file hashing utilities.<\/li>\n<li>Security. Since it has a larger internal state (1024 bits) it is definitely more secure than SHA-2, which has <strong>a half smaller internal state (512 bits)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","definition":"a hash algorithm used in Decred.","status":"published","meta_title":"What is Blake-256? Definition & Meaning | Crypto Wiki","meta_description":"Blake-256 meaning: Blake-256 - a hash algorithm used in Decred.","meta_keywords":null,"author":{"id":1,"user_id":1,"created_at":"2023-05-03T14:30:55.000000Z","updated_at":"2023-05-11T07:18:20.000000Z","title":"Editor-In-Chief","slug":"aaron-s-editor-in-chief","description":"<p>Having completed a Master’s degree on Economics, Politics & Culture for the East Asia region, Aaron has written scientific papers with a comparative analysis of the differences between US’ Western and Japan’s Collective forms of capitalism, 1945-2020.<\/p>\n<p>With close to a decade of experience in the FinTech industry, Aaron understands all of the biggest issues and struggles that crypto enthusiasts face. He’s a passionate analyst who is concerned with data-driven and fact-based content, as well as that which speaks to both Web3 natives and industry newcomers.<\/p>\n<p>Aaron is the go-to person for everything and anything related to digital currencies. With a huge passion for blockchain & Web3 education, Aaron strives to transform the space as we know it, and make it more approachable to complete beginners.<\/p>\n<p>Aaron has been quoted by multiple established outlets, and is a published author himself. Even during his free time, he enjoys researching the market trends, and looking for the next supernova.<\/p>","user":{"id":1,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"S.","email":"aaron@bitdegree.org","email_sanitized":"aaron@bitdegree.org","email_verified_at":"2023-12-01T09:40:20.000000Z","must_verify_email":false,"is_registered_with_wallet":false,"status":"active","country":"LT","last_connected_ip":"88.119.132.125","image_id":2641,"referral_token":"05TMu2NysXOCn525","referred_by":null,"created_at":"2023-05-03T14:30:55.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-01-09T15:22:21.000000Z","full_name":"Aaron S."}}}"
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Tokens?","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":8,"order":5,"slug":"how-to-research-crypto","title":"Crypto Research Fundamentals & Social Signals: Your Daily Trading Strategy","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":8,"order":46,"slug":"portfolio-diversification-definition","title":"Portfolio Diversification: The Whats, the Whys, and the Hows","status":"published","modified_content":null}]},{"id":9,"title":"Mining","slug":"mining","updated":false,"chapter":"crypto\/assets\/crypto-book\/chapters\/learn-crypto-mining.jpg","chapter_simple":"crypto\/assets\/crypto-book\/chapters-simple\/crypto-mining-101.jpg","rating":80,"sections":[{"chapter_id":9,"order":1,"slug":"what-is-crypto-mining","title":"Crypto Mining: What It is and How Does It Work?","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":9,"order":2,"slug":"what-is-a-mining-pool","title":"Mining Pools: Is Collective Mining Better Than Solo Mining?","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":9,"order":3,"slug":"what-is-staking-crypto","title":"An Advanced Look into What is Staking Crypto","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":9,"order":4,"slug":"what-is-proof-of-stake-vs-proof-of-work","title":"Proof-of-Work VS Proof-of-Stake: The Differences That Matter","status":"published","modified_content":null},{"chapter_id":9,"order":5,"slug":"what-is-crypto-mining-rig","title":"Crypto Mining Rig: What It is and How to Build One?","status":"published","modified_content":null}]},{"id":10,"title":"Crypto Terms","updated":false,"chapter":"crypto\/assets\/crypto-book\/chapters\/crypto-101-glossary.jpg","chapter_simple":"crypto\/assets\/crypto-book\/chapters-simple\/crypto-glossary-101.jpg","rating":100,"sections":["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"]}]"
current-chapter="B"
current-section="what-is-blake-256">
